Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation.

Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation: problems with diagnostic criteria.

Control of bacterial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation.

Pneumonia complicates the course of 50% of patients on mechanical ventilation, requiring three or more days of mechanical ventilation and potentially increasing the relative risk of mortality by 20-40%. The predominant potentially pathogenic micro-organisms are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus (sensitive to methicillin in the previously healthy host), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (aero...

Incidence, etiology, and outcome of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU patients requiring percutaneous tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE To determine the epidemiology of pneumonia in patients with tracheotomy receiving short-term mechanical ventilation. DESIGN Observational prospective study. SETTING A 14-bed medical-surgical ICU. SUBJECTS Ninety-nine critically ill acute patients requiring percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation. INTERVENTIONS Tracheal aspirate obtained 48 h before tra...

Heliox during mechanical ventilation.

The indications for heliox during mechanical ventilation are lower-airway obstruction, especially with hypercarbia; need to enhance aerosol delivery to lung periphery; and need to facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation. Certain ventilators perform relatively well with heliox and are not substantially affected by it. It is preferable to connect the heliox to the air inlet of the ventilat...

Cost-effectiveness of linezolid versus vancomycin in mechanical ventilation-associated nosocomial pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.

UNLABELLED Linezolid, an oxazolidinone-class antimicrobial agent, is a new drug; its use has frequently been questioned due to its high price. However, recent trials have demonstrated that the use of linezolid in mechanical ventilation-associated nosocomial pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VAP-MRSA) may be justified due to its improved efficacy compared to vancom...